Best of Medium — April 2025

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    10 System Design Concepts You Must Master Before Your Next SDE Interview (with Resources)

    Preparing for system design interviews, especially for roles at big tech companies, requires mastering key concepts like web fundamentals, core components of large-scale systems, databases, caching, messaging and queuing systems, system communication, scalability, security, high availability, and fault tolerance. Practical knowledge and examples, such as designing an event notification system or Netflix architecture, are also crucial. Detailed resources and guides are recommended for in-depth understanding and effective preparation.

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    Software Architecture for Developers

    Software architecture involves more than layers and patterns; it's about systems thinking, where architecture is seen as a dynamic, interconnected system. This approach emphasizes fluidity, adaptability, and the role of each developer in shaping the system. Different developers - from junior to senior, including frontend, backend, and platform engineers - benefit from understanding architecture through interactions, message moderation, and bindable components. This shift leads to clearer data flows, greater autonomy, and a more collaborative, resilient system.

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    🚀 Start Learning System Design Easily with 30 Core Concepts

    System design is crucial for backend and full-stack engineering but can be intimidating for beginners. This guide simplifies the subject with 30 core concepts, each explained with concise definitions. Topics covered include client-server architecture, DNS, APIs, databases, scaling, load balancing, and more. This foundational knowledge is ideal for interview prep and practical application in system design.

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    OOP vs. Functional is Dead

    Modern programming language classifications based on paradigms like functional or object-oriented are becoming less useful as languages increasingly blend multiple paradigms. Instead, classifying languages by their memory management approach offers a more practical framework. Languages can be categorized as Sovereign (manual memory management), Guardian (ownership/RAII), Custodian (garbage collection), or Accountant (automatic reference counting). This classification impacts performance, safety, and developer experience, providing clearer insights when selecting a language for a specific application domain.

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    How I Built a Local MCP Server to Connect Obsidian with AI

    The post details the process of building a custom MCP server to connect personal knowledge bases in Obsidian with AI tools, enabling enhanced, context-aware assistance. It discusses the motivation behind the project, the use of Claude Desktop, and the implementation of the server using Python and FastMCP. The post highlights the ability of AI models to perform tasks like identifying incomplete notes and generating questions from existing content. Emphasizing security and control, it provides insights on integrating local AI resources and suggests future steps for independence from external providers.

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    Open-Source Tools for Agents

    Developing AI agents can be challenging with many outdated or overly complex tools. This post offers a curated list of effective open-source libraries for building robust AI agents in various tasks such as document parsing, voice interaction, and automation. Focus on choosing practical and well-maintained tools to streamline your development process.

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    Building a modern Data Warehouse from scratch

    Learn how to build a modern data warehouse using SQL Server. The project guides you through designing data architecture with Medallion Architecture, setting up ETL pipelines, developing data models, and creating data analytics and reporting solutions. Key steps include setting up project tools, implementing data quality checks, and creating bronze, silver, and gold layers for data processing and hierarchy. Resources and detailed instructions are provided for each phase.

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    Building AI Agents with Google ADK (Agent Development Kit) and MCP (Model Context Protocol) with Gemini 2.5 Pro

    Discover how to build intelligent AI agents with Google’s Agent Development Kit (ADK) and integrate them with external tools using the Model Context Protocol (MCP) and Gemini 2.5 Pro. This comprehensive guide walks through the core concepts of ADK, its agent types, and tools, along with step-by-step implementation instructions for creating and managing agents, using MCP servers for real-world API interactions, and troubleshooting common issues.

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    Best MCP Servers You Should Know

    MCP servers enable AI to control various software applications through a single prompt. Examples include Blender-MCP, GitHub-MCP, Docker-MCP, and WhatsApp-MCP, among others. These integrations allow users to automate tasks across different platforms and services. The post provides tutorials for setting up these servers with Claude AI and mentions that users can create their custom MCP servers.

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    The Documentation Habit Your Future Self Will Thank You For

    Documentation is crucial in engineering to prevent reliance on faulty memory and ensure team efficiency. It acts as a lifeline for resolving confusion, facilitating onboarding, and connecting diverse roles. AI tools are revolutionizing documentation by automating updates and maintaining consistency. Good documentation should be concise, organized, and searchable, making it a valuable resource rather than a burden.

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    The Impact of AI on the Human Brain

    Interactions with AI systems, like ChatGPT, could shape the human brain, leading to potential addiction and emotional dependence. This evolution suggests that future psychological and sociological studies will focus on human-AI interactions. While AI offers many applications, concerns include its impact on human cognitive abilities and the potential degradation of critical thinking and imagination.

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    Why Write 10 Lines of Code, When a Function Can Do It in 1

    The post explains the importance and utility of functions in programming, particularly in Python. Functions help keep code organized, reusable, and scalable. It describes different types of functions, such as built-in, user-defined, lambda, and functions with parameters, along with types of arguments. Additionally, it emphasizes writing modular code by breaking down functionality into smaller, manageable blocks, and offers practical examples for implementation.

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    Building Multi-Agent with Google's A2A (Agent2Agent) Protocol, Agent Development Kit(ADK), and MCP (Model Context Protocol) - A Deep Dive(Full Code)

    Explore building a multi-agent AI application using Google’s A2A protocol, ADK, and MCP. Delve into core concepts like task-based communication, agent discovery, framework-agnostic interoperability, multi-modal messaging, and standardized message structures. Learn about a practical demo involving a multi-agent travel planner that showcases these principles in action.

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    Rust is easy? Go is… hard?

    The author compares Rust and Go based on personal experience, highlighting areas like enums, traits, and error handling. Rust's advanced features such as enums, traits, and versatile error handling make it easier to use for complex tasks once the initial learning curve is overcome. Go, while simple at the start, requires more workarounds and leads to more repetitive code in the long run.

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    Flutter 2025 roadmap update

    The Flutter 2025 roadmap outlines the core team's plans to maintain and enhance the multi-platform UI framework's growth, productivity, and popularity. The roadmap emphasizes transparency, acknowledging that plans may adapt throughout the year. It also highlights the contributions from both Google employees and the broader community.

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    MCP, A2A, and the Beginning of the End of Explicit Programming

    Google's recent announcement of the Agent-to-Agent Protocol (A2A) marks a significant shift in AI architecture. Moving away from deterministic programming, A2A and the Model Context Protocol (MCP) enable AI agents to dynamically discover, collaborate, and negotiate tasks. This paradigm shift from explicit programming to autonomous collaboration has profound implications for the future of software development, potentially leading to more adaptive and intelligent systems.

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    The Ultimate Guide to Flutter’s Most Useful Packages

    Discover the most useful Flutter packages to streamline app development, including tools for monorepo management, networking, environment variables, dependency management, local storage, logging, and code generation. These packages help developers manage projects efficiently, improve code quality, and enhance performance.

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    Why Are All the Smart People So Bad at History?

    The post critiques the tendency of highly intelligent individuals, especially within rationalist and technocratic circles, to oversimplify history by treating it as a series of abstract models rather than complex narratives. It warns against the dangers of this flattened historical consciousness, emphasizing the importance of understanding history in a nuanced and detailed way to avoid misinterpretations and poor decision-making for the future.

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