Ross King, creator of Adam — the first robot scientist — reflects on 25 years of automated science research. He discusses how AI has transformed scientific discovery, the limitations of current LLMs for autonomous research, and the Nobel Turing Challenge aiming to build an AI capable of Nobel-level science by 2050. King also explains his work on DNA computing, which leverages biology's self-replication to achieve exponentially denser compute than electronics, and his current Genesis project using bioreactors to study yeast metabolism as a stepping stone to understanding human cells. He argues that AI plus human scientists already outperforms humans alone, and that the economics of science are shifting as automation reduces costs.
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