Learn about caching and how it improves application performance by storing frequently accessed data for faster retrieval.

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Caching is a technique for storing frequently accessed data in faster storage to reduce latency and improve performance. Key concepts include temporal and spatial locality, cache hits/misses, and eviction policies like LRU, LFU, and FIFO. Common types include browser, application, database, CDN, and CPU caching. Strategies such as write-through, write-back, and write-around determine how data is written. Benefits include faster response times, reduced backend load, bandwidth savings, better scalability, and lower infrastructure costs.