Retry with Exponential Backoff in 1 diagram and 173 words

Exponential backoff is a retry strategy that increases wait times exponentially after each failure (1s, 2s, 4s, 8s) to avoid overwhelming systems during recovery. Key components include adding jitter (randomness) to prevent thundering herd problems when multiple clients retry simultaneously, and setting retry limits to avoid infinite loops. This approach is commonly used in distributed systems and is built into AWS SDKs, Google Cloud libraries, and gRPC for handling temporary failures like timeouts and rate limits.