Java's byte type is signed, ranging from -128 to 127, which causes confusion when working with values like 170 that appear as -86. This post explains the fundamentals of bits and bytes, the difference between signed and unsigned numeric representation, and how to correctly convert byte values in Java using Byte.toUnsignedInt()
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The basicsConvert bits to a numeric and hex valueCalculate a byte valueValues in JavaSigned versus unsignedConclusionSort: