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TCP maintains a logical connection through state management at endpoints (sequence numbers, acknowledgments, retransmissions) while IP operates statelessly, routing packets independently without guarantees. The connection exists only in the memory of communicating computers, not in the network infrastructure. Routers remain simple and stateless, while TCP at the endpoints creates reliability and order on top of IP's best-effort delivery. This design follows the end-to-end principle, keeping network complexity at the edges rather than in the core.

TCP is Connection-Oriented && IP is Connectionless…

Swarada Bhosale

TCP is connection-oriented. 
IP is connectionless.

I was confused for way too long… so I wrote this blog to finally make it make sense.
If networking ever felt magical (or broken), this is for you.

<p>TCP is connection-oriented. 
IP is connectionless.

I was confused for way too long… so I wrote this blog to finally make it make sense.
If networking ever felt magical (or broken), this is for you.</p>