Bluetooth audio has evolved from Basic Rate radio in 1999 to LE Audio, a fundamentally different architecture built around isochronous channels, the LC3 codec, and low-power scheduling. LE Audio introduces Connected Isochronous Streams (CIS) for synchronized stereo delivery to earbuds and hearing aids, and Broadcast Isochronous Streams (BIS/Auracast) for one-to-many public audio. The LC3 codec delivers better perceived quality at roughly half the bitrate of SBC, reducing airtime and collision risk. Key use cases covered include hearing aids (power-constrained, beamforming), gaming headsets (low-latency bidirectional stereo up to 32 kHz), and public broadcast (Auracast, up to 100m outdoors). The piece also covers audio testing methodologies using anthropomorphic fixtures and the Audio Precision Bluetooth 5 module.
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