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A practical guide to five advanced Docker features that improve production workloads: BuildKit with cache mounts for faster parallel builds, multi-stage builds to reduce image sizes by 80-90%, health checks to prevent traffic routing to unready containers, init processes (tini) for proper signal handling and zombie process prevention, and build secrets to keep credentials out of image layers. Includes concrete Dockerfile examples, real-world before/after metrics, common mistakes to avoid, and a combined production-ready Dockerfile using all five features.