Though often perceived as sharing the same Unix ancestry, Linux and macOS differ fundamentally. macOS is directly descended from BSD Unix, inheriting its codebase and certification, while Linux was created as a Unix clone by Linus Torvalds in 1991, with no original Unix code. macOS uses the XNU kernel while Linux is developed independently from scratch, allowing for a fully open-source development model, unlike the proprietary control exercised by Apple over macOS.
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