When your application grows, so does your database. What if a single table expands to a level that exceeds the database’s storage? How are you going to divide the user table across multiple databases or multiple machines? That’s where database sharding comes into play.
Sharding is a form of scaling systems horizontally . Rather than increasing the storage capacity, RAM , CPU power of a single machine (Vertical scaling), In horizontal scaling, we introduce new machines/nodes to share the load.
Link - <a href="https://youtu.be/m4PvD8vm0D0" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">https://youtu.be/m4PvD8vm0D0</a>

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Learn about database sharding, a method of horizontal scaling that involves dividing a large table across multiple databases or machines to manage growing data effectively. Unlike vertical scaling which increases capacity of a single machine, horizontal scaling adds new machines to share the load.

Introduction to Database Sharding