How JS works behind the scenes?

JavaScript operates in a single-threaded environment, executing code within Global or Functional Execution Contexts. The Global Execution Context is created when a code file is loaded, and it sets up the global object and variables. Each function invocation creates a Functional Execution Context. JavaScript has two execution context phases: memory allocation and execution. The Call Stack manages these contexts using a Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) approach, ensuring functions are executed sequentially. Despite being single-threaded, JavaScript can perform asynchronous operations, to be discussed in a subsequent post.