Researchers demonstrate collisional entangling gates using fermionic 6Li atoms in an optical superlattice, achieving gate fidelities up to 99.75(6)% and Bell-state lifetimes exceeding 10 seconds. Using quantum gas microscopy, they characterize spin-exchange and pair-tunnelling gates and realize a composite pair-exchange gate — a key building block for quantum chemistry simulations. The work establishes controlled collisions in optical lattices as a competitive route to high-fidelity neutral-atom quantum computing, with native fermionic encoding that naturally enforces fermionic statistics and conservation laws independent of gate errors. The results pave the way for scalable analogue-digital hybrid fermionic quantum simulators and, longer term, fully digital fermionic quantum computers.
Table of contents
Experimental platformState preparation fidelityLattice depth calibrationExperimental protocolFermi–Hubbard double-well simulationEffect of spatial averaging on collisional gatesTwo-qubit fidelity estimateDephasing protection of spin qubitsSequence design and control parameters for interaction and pair-exchange gate PX( Θ )Outlook and prospects for the experimental platformComposition of the pair-exchange gateNoteSort: