go.sum is not a lockfile but a local cache for the Go Checksum Database, mapping module versions to cryptographic hashes without affecting version resolution. go.mod serves as both manifest and lockfile in Go, listing all dependencies (direct and transitive) with exact versions since Go 1.17. Unlike other ecosystems with separate manifest and lockfile systems, Go's single go.mod file uses minimal version selection and semantic versioning to avoid diamond dependency conflicts and ensure consistent builds. The Go modules system is simpler and faster than alternatives, with package resolution happening imperceptibly.
Sort: