Fortran: Type-bound Procedures

Type-bound procedures in Fortran allow binding functions to derived types, similar to methods in object-oriented languages. The tutorial demonstrates how to attach a distance function to a point_t type, making it callable directly on instances. Key concepts include using class() instead of type() for polymorphic arguments, maintaining both type-bound and normal procedure access, and proper naming conventions for module procedures. This approach enables encapsulation by keeping data components private while providing controlled access through bound procedures.