SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) is a powerful web technology that allows developers to create scalable, interactive graphics using XML syntax. Unlike traditional image formats, inline SVGs can be styled with CSS and manipulated with JavaScript as first-class DOM citizens. The tutorial covers basic SVG shapes (circles, rectangles, polygons), the viewBox attribute for scalability, and advanced stroke animations including dash patterns and drawing effects. Key concepts include using presentational attributes, creating smooth transitions, and leveraging stroke-dasharray and stroke-dashoffset for dynamic visual effects.